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Glossary

Plain-language definitions of the Windows Search index and ESE database terms used in our guides.

Dirty shutdown (ESE)
State of an ESE database whose header says it was not closed cleanly: committed changes may exist only in its transaction logs until they are replayed.
esentutl
Built-in Windows command-line utility for ESE databases: header dump, soft recovery from logs, integrity check, repair, compaction and shadow-copy copy.
Extensible Storage Engine (ESE)
Microsoft's embedded transactional database engine, also called JET Blue, used by Windows.edb, SRUDB.dat, WebCacheV01.dat, Active Directory and Exchange.
FILETIME
Windows 64-bit timestamp counting 100-nanosecond intervals since 1 January 1601 UTC, used for the dates stored in the Windows Search index.
System.ItemPathDisplay
The Windows shell property holding the user-friendly full path of an item; in the search index it is the path you quote for a file, share or mail item.
System.Search.AutoSummary
Windows Search property holding an automatic summary of a document's text content: in practice an extract that can survive after the file is deleted.
System.Search.GatherTime
Windows Search property recording when the gatherer last pushed an item's properties to the index: the indexer's own timestamp, separate from file system times.
Windows.db
The SQLite database that holds the Windows Search property store on Windows 11, with its write-ahead log Windows.db-wal and companion Windows-gather.db.
Windows.edb
The ESE database that holds the Windows Search index from Windows Vista to Windows 10, stored in ProgramData\Microsoft\Search\Data\Applications\Windows.
Windows-gather.db
Windows 11 SQLite database holding the Windows Search gatherer tables SystemIndex_Gthr and SystemIndex_GthrPth: crawled documents and the folder scope tree.
Windows Search service (WSearch)
The Windows service that crawls indexed locations and maintains the search index database (Windows.edb or Windows.db) used by Start and File Explorer.
WorkId
The numeric identifier of an item in the Windows Search property store; it matches the DocumentID of the gather table and links both halves of the index.
Write-ahead log (SQLite WAL)
The -wal file where SQLite appends committed pages before a checkpoint copies them into the database; on Windows 11 it holds the newest index data.